NOLS Wilderness Medicine Wilderness First Responder (WFR) Practice Test

The recommended treatment for a pit viper bite involves transporting the victim to the hospital for antivenom. This is crucial because pit viper bites can introduce venom that may cause significant systemic effects, including pain, swelling, and potentially life-threatening complications. Antivenom is specifically designed to counteract the effects of the venom and is most effective when administered by medical professionals.

Immediate management at the site of the bite includes keeping the affected limb immobilized and at or below heart level to help slow the spread of the venom while waiting for emergency medical services. However, definitive treatment is contingent upon receiving professional medical care, which often includes administering antivenom, monitoring vital signs, and managing any complications that arise from the bite.

The other options, such as applying ice, taking antihistamines, or using a tourniquet, are not appropriate or effective measures for treating pit viper bites. Ice can worsen tissue damage, antihistamines do not counteract venom, and tourniquets can restrict blood flow excessively, leading to further complications. Therefore, prompt transport to a healthcare facility is essential for proper treatment.